Moldova
The Republic of Moldova is a unitary state composed of two tiers of local government: the first tier is composed of municipal self-governing units. One unit can contain one or several villages (sate), communes (comune), cities (orașe) and municipalities (municipii). The second tier is made up of small regions (raioane), the Gagauzia Autonomous Territorial Administrative Unit and the municipalities of Chisinau and Balti. There is also the territory of Transnistria – an autonomous territorial unit, the status of which status remains to be defined.
CEMR in Moldova – Congress of Local Authorities of Moldova (www.calm.md)
Local governments
The local council (consiliu local) is the deliberative body of the local authorities. Its members are elected by direct universal suffrage for a period of four years, either through the use of political party lists or as independent candidates. Budget setting, local policies, property and territorial planning are its main competences.
The executive body is represented by the mayor (primar), who is elected by direct universal suffrage for a period of four years, and by the mayor's office (primarie).
The executive body is represented by the mayor (primar), who is elected by direct universal suffrage for a period of four years, and by the mayor's office (primarie).
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- Urban and spatial planning
- Waste management
- Water management and sewage systems
- Local roads management
- Local public transport
- Cemeteries
- Local property management
- Educational centre management
- Local gas and heating distribution
- Culture, sport and recreation
- Economic development
- Social housing
- Fire services
Regional governments
Districts are a territorial-administrative unit of the second tier, consisting of a larger number of villages and towns and perform the role of a regional authority.
The regional council (Counsiliul raional) is a representative body of local government, elected through direct universal using party lists and independent candidates. The regional council elects a president of the region.
The executive body at the regional tier is the office of the regional president (Aparatul Presedintelui raionului). The executive body is responsible for the administration of regional affairs and the implementation of the regional council’s decisions.
The president (presedinte) of the region is elected by the regional council for four years. He/she is the head of the regional executive branch
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- Management of property
- Regional public transport
- Spatial planning
- Economic development support
- Local gas and heat distribution
- Education building maintenance
- Cultural, tourism and sport management
- Social assistance
Other Governments
The Gagauzia Autonomous Territorial Administrative Unit (Gagauz-Yeri)
The Gagauzia is an autonomous territorial unit established under a special statute. As a special territorial unit, it has its own assembly, the Gagauzian people's assembly (in Gagauz: HalkTopluşu; in Romanian: Adunarea Populara), which can exercise lawmaking powers within its own jurisdiction, as well as a governor (Gagauz: Başkan; Romanian: Guvernatorul Gagauziei), who is the executive head. He/She is elected by direct universal suffrage for a period of four years. Executive power in the Gagauz-Yeri is exercised by an executive committee (Bakannik Komiteti/Comitetul Executiv). Its members are appointed by the governor or by a simple majority vote in the assembly at its first session. The executive committee ensures the application of the laws of the Republic of Moldova and those of the Gagauzian assembly.
The municipality of Chisinau (municipiul Chisinau) and the municipality of Balti (municipiul Balti)
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The Gagauzia Autonomous Territorial Administrative Unit (Gagauz-Yeri)
- Science
- Culture
- Education
- Housing management
- Urban planning
- Health services
- Physical culture and sports
- Local budget, financial and taxation activities
- Economy and ecology
- Labour relations and social security
- Own police force
- International and foreign policy
The municipality of Chisinau (municipiul Chisinau) and the municipality of Balti (municipiul Balti)
The municipalities of Chisinau and Balti hold competences at both local tier and regional tier.
- Social and economic development
- Maintenance of public roads
- Construction of hospitals, schools, roads
- Health care
- Maintenance of sanitation and social institutions
- Assistance to young families
- Social protection for the unemployed
- Public order
- Environmental protection
- Youth activities and sports
- Secondary education and professional education